Botulinum toxin injections are the most used and best-known aesthetic treatment internationally, but there remain a number of problematic topics and suboptimal results. Here an internationally known expert and his contributors explain the scientific background and aesthetic principles that can help clinicians achieve better results in problem cases.

Preface

Contributors

Introduction: Injectable Botulinum Toxin and Its Aesthetic Applications

1. The Clinical Importance of Botulinum Toxin as an Injected Protein: Immunogenicity

Michael Martin

2. Optimizing Aesthetic Combination Treatments with Botulinum Toxin

Yates Yen-Yu Chao

3. Antibody Formation and Botulinum Toxin Resistance

Jürgen Frevert and Yates Yen-Yu Chao

4. Conversion and Calculations between Different Commercial Toxin Products

Jürgen Frevert and Yates Yen-Yu Chao

5. The Aesthetic Standard for Contouring and Facial Dynamics

Yates Yen-Yu Chao

6. To Immobilize or Modulate Muscle Function?

Yates Yen-Yu Chao

7. Achieving Better Results through Proper Instrumentation for Aesthetic Toxin Practice

Yates Yen-Yu Chao

8. Achieving Better Symmetry with Aesthetic Toxins

Yates Yen-Yu Chao

9. Optimizing Aesthetic Toxin Treatments by Proper Toxin Reconstitution

Jürgen Frevert and Yates Yen-Yu Chao

10. The Initial Judgment and Repeating and Modifying Aesthetic Toxin Treatments

Yates Yen-Yu Chao

11. Anatomical Considerations to Improve Aesthetic Treatments Using Neuromodulators

Nicholas Moellhoff and Sebastian Cotofana

12. Why Injection Depth Is Important for Better Aesthetic Toxin Practice

Yates Yen-Yu Chao

13. Distributing Toxin Precisely to the Motor Endplates

Yates Yen-Yu Chao

14. Individualized Aesthetic Toxin Practice or Freestyle Injection?

Yates Yen-Yu Chao

15. Eyebrow Enhancement or Instability?

Yates Yen-Yu Chao

16. Refining Forehead Toxin Treatment

Yates Yen-Yu Chao

17. Refining Toxin Treatment for Glabella Frown Lines

Yates Yen-Yu Chao

18. Refining Toxin Treatment for the Masseters

Yates Yen-Yu Chao

Index