This is a revised edition of a bestselling handbook. The authors have fully updated the text to include the most up to date treatment options, have added a section on head and neck imaging (CT/MRI), a series of self-test clinical cases, and 100 new photographs.

The book uses a symptom-based approach to assist the clinician in the diagnosis and management of those conditions that fall into the speciality of oral medicine. Dealing first with normal anatomy, physical examination and investigation particularly lesional biopsy, hematological assessment and microbiological sampling the authors cover all areas of those diseases, local and systemic, that manifest themselves in the lips and mouth. Conditions are grouped under their principal presenting sign blistering, white patches, red patches, swelling, pigmentation, pain, dry mouth, altered taste, and halitosis.

This comprehensive handbook is of value to professionals and trainees in medicine, dentistry and pathology.

Table of Contents
Preface (First edition)
Preface (Second edition)
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations

Introduction
A symptom-based approach to diagnosis
History
Clinical examination
Normal structures
Special investigation of orofacial disease
Salivary gland investigations
Imaging techniques

Ulceration
General approach
Traumatic ulceration
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Behçet's disease
Cyclic neutropenia
Squamous cell carcinoma
Necrotizing sialometaplasia
Tuberculosis
Syphilis
Epstein Barr virus-associated ulceration
Bisphononate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws
Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
Erosive lichen planus
Lichenoid reaction
Graft versus host disease
Radiotherapy-induced mucositis
Osteoradionecrosis

Blisters
General approach
Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
Recurrent herpes simplex infection
Chickenpox and shingles
Hand, foot, and mouth disease
Herpangina
Epidermolysis bullosa
Mucocele
Erythema multiforme
Mucous membrane pemphigoid
Pemphigus
Linear IgA disease
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Angina bullosa hemorrhagica

White patches
General approach
Lichen planus
Lichenoid reaction
Lupus erythematosus
Chemical burn
Pseudomembranous candidosis (thrush, candidiasis)
Chronic hyperplastic candidosis (candidal leukoplakia)
White sponge nevus
Dyskeratosis congenita
Frictional keratosis
Nicotinic stomatitis (smoker's keratosis)
Leukoplakia
Squamous cell carcinoma
Skin graft
Hairy leukoplakia
Pyostomatitis vegetans
Submucous fibrosis
Cartilagenous choristoma

Erythema
General approach
Radiation therapy mucositis
Contact hypersensitivity reaction
Lichen planus
Acute erythematous (atrophic) candidois (candidiasis)
Chronic erythematous (atrophic) candidosis (candidiasis)
Median rhomboid glossitis (superficial midline glossitis, central papillary atrophy)
Angular cheilitis
Geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis, erythema migrans, stomatitis migrans)
Iron deficiency anemia
Pernicious anemia
Folic acid (folate) deficiency
Erythroplakia
Squamous cell carcinoma
Infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever)

Swelling
General approach
Bacterial sialadenitis
Viral sialadenitis (mumps)
Sialosis (sialadenosis)
Mucocele and ranula
Salivary gland tumor (major gland)
Squamous cell carcinoma
Crohn's disease
Orofacial granulomatosis
Paget's disease (osteitis deformans)
Acromegaly
Fibroepithelial polyp (focal fibrous hyperplasia, irritation fibroma)
Drug-induced gingival hyperplasia
Focal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck's disease)
Salivary gland tumor (minor gland)
Denture-induced hyperplasia (denture granuloma)
Pyogenic granuloma (pregnancy epulis)
Peripheral giant cell granuloma (giant cell epulis)
Squamous papilloma
Infective warts (verruca vulgaris, condylomata acuminata)
Bone exostosis
Sialolith (salivary stone)
Tongue piercing
Lymphoma
Lipoma

Pigmentation (including bleeding)
General approach
Amalgam tattoo (focal agyrosis)
Hemangioma (vascular nevus)
Sturge Weber syndrome
Melanocytic nevus (pigmented nevus)
Melanotic macule
Malignant melanoma
Kaposi's sarcoma
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Rendu Osler Weber disease)
Physiological pigmentation
Addison's disease
Betel nut/pan chewing
Peutz Jegher's syndrome
Black hairy tongue
Drug-induced pigmentation
Smoker-associated melanosis
Thrombocytopenia

Orofacial pain (including sensory and motor disturbance)
General approach
Trigeminal neuralgia
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia
Postherpetic neuralgia
Giant cell arteritis
Burning mouth syndrome
Atypical facial pain
Atypical odontalgia
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction
Facial nerve palsy (Bell's palsy)
Trigeminal nerve paresthesia or anesthesia

Dry mouth, excess salivation, coated tongue, halitosis, and altered taste
General approach
Xerostomia (dry mouth)
Sjögren's syndrome
CREST syndrome
Excess salivation (sialorrhea)
Coated tongue
Halitosis (bad breath)
Altered taste

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Further reading